It’s rare for scientists to call something a clear and unequivocal fact. But that’s exactly what a group of 11,258 scientists from around the globe are saying in a new paper.
“Earth is facing a climate emergency,” they wrote, “and scientists have a moral obligation to clearly warn humanity of any catastrophic threat."
The statement, spearheaded by Oregon State University scientists William J Ripple and Christopher Wolf, was published Tuesday in the journal BioScience, 40 years to the day after the first World Climate Conference in Geneva in 1979. They argue that scientists have been warning about climate change ever since, but greenhouse gas emissions are still rising.
“Climate change has arrived and is accelerating faster than many scientists expected,” Ripple said in a press release.
To make the threat of climate change clear, Ripple and Wolf looked at more than just global surface temperature. They mapped tree loss over the globe and in the Amazon. They looked at population growth, fertility rates, and an increase in greenhouse-gas producing agriculture.
Climate change, the authors say in the paper, is “more severe than anticipated, threatening natural ecosystems and the fate of humanity.” But there are steps we can take to mitigate it.
The paper outlines a series of policy moves that the people of the world will need to mitigate the worst impacts of climate change:
Eliminating fossil fuel subsidies and making a transition from fossil fuels to low-carbon renewable energy.
Reducing the use of short-term pollutants like methane immediately. Those pollutants often warm the planet even more than carbon dioxide (CO2), but they also leave the atmosphere more quickly than CO2. Cutting them out can help curb warming rapidly.
Protecting and restoring the Earth’s ecosystems, which can help curb emissions and store carbon.
Switching to a more plant-based diet. More CO2 is emitted in the production of meat than it is in the production of CO2. It also takes more farmland to grow a hundred calories of meat than it does to grow a hundred calories of plants. Livestock like cows, goats, and sheep also emit methane, a serious greenhouse gas.
Creating a carbon-free economy.
Curbing population growth by making family-planning readily available, and by educating women and advocating for gender equality. Research shows educating women and giving them control over their reproduction is one of the most successful ways to slow population growth.
These changes won’t be easy, the warning’s writers acknowledge. But they argue that those changes would improve the quality of life for people around the world.
Cheyenne Thorpe /OPB
/Thousands of children, students, and citizens from around Portland rallied as a part of the Portland climate strike in effort to fight climate change.
Copyright 2019 Oregon Public Broadcasting
